H&C: Humanitarian & Compassionate Grounds | Canada
Applying for permanent residence on H&C grounds. Hardship, best interests of the child, and establishment in Canada. Last resort solution.
Who is this program for
People in Canada without valid immigration status or with temporary status who would face exceptional hardship if they had to return to their home country. This may include people whose refugee claims were rejected, people who overstayed their visas, or people who have been in Canada for a long time and are established.
Main criteria
Process steps
1. Assess your situation
Determine if you have exceptional circumstances that justify an H&C application (establishment, family, children, country conditions).
2. Prepare a complete file
Gather all evidence of your establishment, family ties, potential hardship, and best interests of children. Include support letters.
3. Submit application
Submit your H&C application to IRCC with all forms, supporting documents, and fee payment.
4. Wait for decision
IRCC reviews your application. Processing can take several years. Keep your information updated.
5. Decision and follow-up
If approved, you will receive permanent residence. If refused, you can request judicial review at Federal Court.
Typical documents
This list is not exhaustive. Required documents may vary depending on your situation.
Common mistakes to avoid
- ⚠️Insufficiently documented file
- ⚠️Not clearly demonstrating exceptional hardship
- ⚠️Ignoring best interests of affected children
- ⚠️Generic or unconvincing support letters
- ⚠️Not providing country of origin documentation
Processing time
Estimated time. May vary based on application volume.
Check current processing timesInterested in this program?
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